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Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 07-Feb-2001 11:15:00

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Week 2 IOW Questons on Color Infrared Images 

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1. The red circles are crops, probably corn. The light colored circles are fields that have been recently harvested or are fallow ground--which means the field has been plowed or disced and has no crops planted. Farmers often do this for wheat because it is planted in the fall so the soil "rests" for the summer.
2. You can see the Arkansas River as a dark thread meandering through the photo. The dark color indicates water. The frequency of red in areas next to the river indicates that crops are grown near the river. Also, if you look at some of the other resources from the site, such as the map, you are given the information that the Arkansas river runs through the southern part of Garden City.
3. As for PBL, I could ask students to compare the environmental and economic impact of irrigation in Iowa to the impact of irrigation in Nebraska and Kansas. Using images and information from internet resources, students could develop a powerpoint presentation either for or against more development of irrigation in local agricultural areas.
4. Some questions may include: Why aren't there more center pivots in Iowa? What are some of the economic factors impacting the use of irrigation systems? What are some of the natural resource factors impacting the use of irrigation in Pottawattamie County? Should we promote more irrigation, particularly center pivots, to the farmers of Pottawattamie County?
 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 07-Feb-2001 12:27:00

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 IOW Questons on Color Infrared Images 

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Good observations. We will probably get a look at some Iowa farm sites before very long. 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 08-Feb-2001 07:22:00

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 IOW Questons on Color Infrared Images 

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xxxxxxx
You have made some good comments. The color infrared is a different experience that BW photos in week 1. I think your thought into irrigation are great. There is so much controversy right now about water rights and battles over river water for irrigation and city consumption between CO, KS, and NE with Platte and Repbulican rivers. This is a very timely real world issue that impacts EVERYONE. What a great possibility for PBL!
xxxxxxx


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 10-Feb-2001 10:59:00

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 IOW Questons on Color Infrared Images 

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I liked your idea of comparing the agricultural aspect with the economic aspect and making the students aware of both issues at the same time. It brings the whole picture into better focus for them.
Also, your questions were excellent. Bringing the "problem" close to home and incorporating their county in the study will only motivate them further. Good work!  


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 16-Feb-2001 18:07:00

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 IOW Questons on Color Infrared Images 

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I enjoyed your way of applying an ag lesson to other areas that students must learn about. As others commented using the CB area makes it much more interesting to the students in CB. 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 07-Feb-2001 19:30:00

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Week 2 Image 

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Question #1
Some of the circles are red indicating vegetation as vegetation absorbs visible light. The brown circles indicate moisture or water. The smaller brown areas are probably moist areas of soil that have not yet been planted. The larger area is probably the river. Clear water reflects black as it reflects little radiation. The larger brown body of water in this image must be less than clear, so it reflects brown.

Question #2
The Arkansas River is located in the west central portion and runs through the center of much of the image. The large, irregular shape, combined with the brown reflection indicating water, determines that this is probably the Arkansas River.

Question #3
My students would require more "preteaching" information. For example, a background in the history of crop prices, accounting lessons revolving around business income/expenses, and a method of determining the cost of introducing an irrigation facility, rainfall records and soil composition for the area, would be a few of the basic background pieces needed.

Question #4
Possible questions include: Can the farmer pay cash for the installation of the irrigation system? If the money for the system were borrowed, what would be the final cost, after financing, of the project? What is the current production of the land? What are current crop prices? What increase in crop production would be needed to offset the installation of an irrigation project? Can the soil support higher yields? Are there alternatives to irrigation, such as enhanced fertilization, that could provide equal/greater benefit at less cost? Will irrigation enhance production or is there already adequate rainfall at crucial times of the year?

Question #5
Students would need: crop production records, crop price records and projections, links to sites with information about irrigation installation and costs, rainfall records for the area, soil composition information, and additional data about the farmer's financial situation.

Question #6
Perhaps charts projecting the cost of irrigation and the anticipated increases in crop production/earnings over time would provide the clearest justification for a decision.

Question #7
I thought that xxxxxxx's answers were clear. It was interesting that she took a broader view of the problem. I focused specifically on the problem as it related to the farmer. She sought to expand the problem by applying it to the situation in Iowa. My thought was to have students use the information as it applies to an individual's financial decisions. Rhonda brought in thoughts about the economic and environmental issues that this situation could have in Iowa.
 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 07-Feb-2001 19:45:00

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 Image CIR 

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And to reinforce some of the comments made so far, there is a color key just to the right of the Garden City images. Green vegetation reflects 'red' as we know. That information helps when we try to analyze a particular image - the more information- the better. Natural colors are good because we can relate to them - we see 'em everday. 'Reading' a CIR image becomes easier as we do more of it. (Don't know about the brown colors tho.....)

Outstanding ideas on the 'pre-teaching' (depends on the group, doesn't it?) and the possible questions. Everything that you have mentioned is valid and appropriate. Everyone says we should involve the community - well, here is a great opportunity. The County agent might like to provide some useful information, for instance - as you suggest - soil types, drainage, appropriate crops, low till - no till, etc. 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 08-Feb-2001 07:29:00

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 Image 

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xxxxxxxx
I reiterate xxxxxxxxon the code on the map about what the colors mean.

Wow!!! I see a great project possibility. The economic impact on farmers and irrigation. Do the benifits of extra yield outweigh the added cost. By the way farmers a probably not going to pay for a center pivot in cash. The pivots cost between $40000 and $80000 by the time you get the well and everything else included. This is a real world problem that farmers face. I liked your extension into can the soil support extra yields...Is extra fertilization possible or desirable? How about biotech crops. All these things require tradeoffs by farmers and consumers. What a great chance to apply PBL.
xxxxxxxx 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 08-Feb-2001 11:37:00

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 Image 

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Your ideas for PBL are very good. They are very practical applications in that students need to learn to see the "big picture" of capital investments and what kind of economic return they can expect.

Along with the initial of investment of $40,000 to $80,000 the costs of operating the pivot during the growing season can be a significant amount. I believe there is some type of charge every summer to begin pumping. I'm open for some information there!

Your ideas also would fit into my curriculum (business) and I appreciate the "brainstorming" to help me develop more appropriate PBL activities for my classes, too! 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 14-Feb-2001 16:49:00

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 Image 

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xxxxxxx

Thank you for the great feedback encouraging comments!!
xxxxxxx


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 16-Feb-2001 18:04:00

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 Image 

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When I took this class my teaching area was Family & Consumer Sciences. I was a grad student not currently teaching so some of the assignments were challenging. I remember feeling overwhelmed by all the "science" type of lessons and how could I apply all them in my final projectwhich was centered around family living. Thank heavens we learned that we did not have to use all the different types of images in our lesson. Then I could relax and learn about all sorts of new things. I was able to apply the info I learned in the remote sensing lessons in my final project. It helped me think outside the box and I hope you are enjoying this growing "no pun intended" experience. 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 07-Feb-2001 21:10:00

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Image of the Week #2 

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1. The red circles appear to be crops that are still being irrigated as they are actively growing crops.
The brown circles would indicate areas that have been irrigated but have been harvested. I find it interesting that the area to the south (below) of the river seems to be irrigated mostly using center pivot systems, while the area to the north (above) the river appears to be regular farm plots that are heavily vegetated and maybe some other type of irrigation or watering system. Maybe dry farming is practiced in that areaÖand evidently successfully as things seem to be growing there.

2. The Arkansas River is indicated by an irregular, meandering line through (from left to right) the
image. This displays the shape of a river with an irregular shaped border. On the Landsat image
it appears to be shallow water as indicated on the map legend. Based upon the image, it appears as if crops are planted very close to the river. This would be beneficial as that area is probably very fertile.

3. I would address the placement of the center pivot systems seen in the Landsat image. Why do
you suppose they are found generally in one area of the image and not in the other? This could lead to discovery of river flow, flood plain, soil types, type of vegetation, industry, population, etc.
Since I teach middle school science, this type of question could lead to all kinds of discoveryÖ
generally middle school students are pretty good detectives. Economically, decisions would need
be addressed such as cost of irrigation systems, current market trends, choice of crops, and size
the farm operation.

6. I would give my students several presentation choices as listed below.
A. Salesman for the center pivot system (could this be Valmont)
B. The farmer presenting his "case" to banking officials helping finance the project.
C. An environmentalist wanting to preserve the wetlands that appear to be in the area.
All projects would be done using visualsÖpower point presentation, etc.

7. I think that both xxxxxxxx and xxxxxxxx have interesting ideas. xxxxxxx's financial twist to the problem
would definitely be a concern if a farmer were considering this investment. xxxxxxxx's ideas on the
benefits to the community and the environmental impact of additional irrigation is also important.
Currently there is important discussion going on regarding ownership of groundwater as it flows from state to state. The Ogalla Aquifer is an important source of groundwater to several states. There is concern about overuse of center pivot systems by Colorado and Nebraska and the "draining" results once the flow reaches Kansas. xxxxxxx brought up some points about the financial aspects that I hadn't though of, but definitely useful. How does Nebraska fit into this picture????




 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 08-Feb-2001 07:06:00

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Image of the Week #2 

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Good comments on the distribution of center pivots. Location is just as important in farming as in real estate, it appears.
The very fertile land near the river might be affected by flooding. Does this ever occur in this region?
It's a great idea for having the students present the case for various local business people and the farming community.
It's extremely important to to have a comprehensive, longitudinal study on the effects of irrigation on the Ogallala aquifer. It kinda makes us wonder how much time we have.  


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 08-Feb-2001 07:36:00

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Image of the Week #2 

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xxxxxxx
I hadn't really noticed the difference in the irrigation, but it does appear that you are correct. The pivot does take one major requirement...water...and this sometimes means an irrigation well. From your comments and background in science you understand the aquifer concept and why water is not found underground everywhere in enough quantity to irrigate. Great comments here! I particularly liked how you added and summed up xxxxxx and xxxxxxx's comments. The communication is starting to give others ideas. Keep up the good work.
xxxxxxx


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 08-Feb-2001 15:27:00

Author:xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Image of the Week #2 

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Presenting a case to the banker is great. However, when they do that, they are also at the mercy of the banker to give them instructions on what to do and when to do it. The farmer loses their freedom on making choices. Should the farmer have the right to make his choices as long as they are making payment or what. That is an issue on who tells who what to do. That can be a confusing situation. 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 11-Feb-2001 09:07:00    (Original: 11-Feb-2001 09:03:00)

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Image of the Week #2 

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I really like the idea of having students present from different points of view -- like the salesman, farmer, environmentalist. I think it would be especially effective for older students to be asked to argue from a point of view that they didn't necessarily agree with.  


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 11-Feb-2001 13:08:00    (Original: 11-Feb-2001 13:07:00)

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Image of the Week #2 

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Working on a project from all those view points is absolutely a good idea. It will make students think from different perspectives and situations...Great idea!!!
xxxxxxxx


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 16-Feb-2001 18:13:00

Author: xxxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Image of the Week #2 

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Good insight and comments. I liked your different approaches to creating problems. 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 08-Feb-2001 15:23:00

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Image of the Week #2 

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Week 2 Image

1. In terms of remote sensing, the red circles are pivots where the stuff is green or has crops on it now. The brown circles are where they are harvested. Could have been alfalfa or other crops that may have been harvested earlier since there is a lot of red or green crops still visible.

2. The Arkansas River appears to be a major flood plain in the earlier picture and the more current shows a lot of agriculture in the previous barren plain. The river itself is a snake like meander running through the center of the image. The color is blue to black referring how deep it at that point. By past experience of this area of Kansas. The wooded part is Easter Kansas and Western is pretty barren. The pivot system use a lot of farmland that would have not been used earlier. Of course, Kansas had water and mineral rights in that region. Would see a lot of oil pumping rigs in the area.

3. As a learning tool in science, a person would have to interpret or practice using the tool to better understand it. A knowledge of the electromagnetic spectrum and the making of colors would be useful to better understand the infrared image. How would it be useful around the house with that type of photograph. Detection of heat loss due cold is an important issue this year. Also the colors of the soil for amount of fertilizer to use for that spot instead the same for all. This image would be better to show after an understanding has been achieved for 8th grade or below.

7. I thought that xxxxxxx interpretation of the questions was interesting with precise questions and approaches relating to the farmer and their needs. The family sometimes extends beyond the farm with brothers or sisters having an interest in their family farm to keep it in operation. Further questions lately also include if the farm is near a watershed and experiencing water problems due to the location of a dam or large watershed. It is hard to drain an area without affecting another farm. Therefore, water or wetlands created by the location of a watershed really compounds the problem. Feeling helpless is the other angle besides the financing of the project due to circumstances beyond your control is the issue here. The usage of genetically modified organisms for crops is not fully understood according to other countries and the public. Everyone, still likes fully organically grown crops. 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 08-Feb-2001 19:11:00

Author: xxxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Image of the Week #2 

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Absolutely correct on the oil rigs in western Kansas. Sometimes, it is said that the oil rigs and the wheat fields can coexist. (especially, if the money from the oil can support the farmland.)

On your opinion, how far can one go in terms of students working with the electromagnetic spectrum?

I wonder how Earl May would feel about biogenetic development with plants.... 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 11-Feb-2001 14:32:00

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Image of the Week #2 

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I thought your answer in number 7 was interesting as it also addressed some good points made by xxxxxxxx. Installing an irrigation system is obviously a BIG decision both
financially and environmentally. If the wetlands are protected in some way, then the issue of draining the watershed, fertilizer runoff, etc. could be another problem. Your comment about genetically altered crops is an interesting one.
Certainly we could all use more information on that subject.  


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 16-Feb-2001 18:31:00

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Image of the Week #2 

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As several students have brought up ideas about watersheds I want to share something that occurred in PA. As the citizens absorbed agricultural land for housing developments, they got closer and closer to reservoirs used for the drinking water supply. This drove wild animals into smaller and smaller habitat areas. Because of the legal restrictions on where residential areas could be built, the animals' habitats got closer to the reservoir areas because that was the area that was supposed to be left for clean runoff i.e. no houses. Several of the beavers were carriers of giardia and some other diseases. These diseases ended up in the city water supply! What humans do to themselves because they do not see all the implications of their decisions. 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 16-Feb-2001 18:22:00

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Image of the Week #2 

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xxxxxxx Thank you for sharing your insights about Kansas. My husband is a CPA and deals with bankers and their need to have control of how "their" money is spent. Insurance companies deciding on medical procedures...Is there a correlation? Is there a problem with who is playing the expert? 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 09-Feb-2001 15:31:00    (Original: 09-Feb-2001 15:14:00)

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Week #2 IOW Questions 

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1. Some circles are red because there is a good stand of vegetation, whereas some are brown. The brown circles are where there is little vegetation, or perhaps dirt. When traveling through this part of Kansas, one realizes that naturally vegetation is not necessary prolific. Irrigation greatly enhances the amount of vegetation.

2. The Arkansas River is south of Garden City. It can be seen winding its way across the photo with a texture typical of water bodies in remote sensing photos. Natural water bodies are definitely landmarks when “reading” remote sensing.

4. Students would need to ask themselves what they know. Then they would ask themselves what they need to know. In this case, they would probably compare the photos from 1972 to the ones from 1988. They could easily see the increase in number of pivots installed. They could research crop yields by fields without center pivots and compare them to crop yields of fields with center pivots. If all other variables were held constant, such as fertilizer application, then they could make a cost analysis of what the payback time would be to pay for the pivot and well. Then how much more profit would there be per growing season if they had the pivot. From here, they could make an intelligent decision as to whether to drill the well and install the pivot.

7. xxxxxxx brought up an interesting possible use of infrared. I wonder if it could be utilized successfully to analyze energy loss in homes. It seems like I have read something about it at one time. With natural gas prices like they are, it could open a whole new "door". Also, I liked the point that pivots have made more land farmable in this part of Kansas. Of course, this is true in many other areas as well. It has also made the work and man hours for farmers much lower. This is important, since they have to farm so many more acres now to make a living (and pay for the pivots).
 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 09-Feb-2001 17:42:00

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week #2 IOW Questions 

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Yup. Back when it was 'Northern Natural Gas', the gas company took CIR (except that they processed them in B&W) aerial photos during the winter. The prupose was to look for excess heat transfer through insufficient insulation through the roof of the house. 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 10-Feb-2001 09:01:00    (Original: 10-Feb-2001 08:00:00)

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week #2 IOW Questions 

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I see the use of the "Know, Want to Know, Learned " inquiry in her answer for question number three. This is a good example of using a constructivist learning model.This is an excellent process for elementary students , as well as other students.It is an easy form to learn to use. 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 11-Feb-2001 14:23:00

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week #2 IOW Questions 

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I agree that students have to start with a base of knowledge regarding what they know and then set some goals on what they want to discover. Many students in my school district come from farms and can totally relate to the skyrocketing costs of maintaining the family farm. To be successful financially, is irrigation necessary? Would this convenience (or necessity in some cases) relieve the stress from relying on Mother Nature, or would it only add to the financial burden? It would be a hard one to call! xxxxxxx 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 16-Feb-2001 18:36:00

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week #2 IOW Questions 

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Good thoughts. I like your question about the other uses of infrared. It starts us thinking about other uses for the types of images we are currently studying. I hope it helps others to see opportunities to apply these images in all content areas. Economics, home budgets, etc. 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 10-Feb-2001 08:52:00    (Original: 10-Feb-2001 08:34:00)

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images  

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1. The infrared images are difficult for me to work on. When I first look, it's like an abstract painting, which is NOT supposed to be searched ,looking for things to inturpret.The colors used become difficult to understand at first because when they talk about the "blue", and I'm going, "I can't see any blue."

The color red to me, has always meant "warm", and in the image , the heat of things growing. I know corn needs long stretches of heat to grow well. The brown areas seem to reflect cool, which would come from the use of water in irrigated fields.The other idea is the knowledge of how this color scheme also goes with the idea that dark colors absorb light, the lighter the color, the more it's reflected. Concept that can be taught at third grade level. Early ,as school starts in August, we could pose a problem, and test this idea, with the use dark and light colored clothing, with thermometers placed inside them inside them. Then checking these temperatures on several days,graphing the results.

2. The image of the black string ,wandering through the middle of the area ,is the river. It does not seem to have been worked on by the Core Of Engineers, who often will straighten river bed courses. It is not a very wide river ,since the width seems narrow. It appears that the river has been used to pull water for irrigation in farm land along its banks. The river is noticeable ,as it is not in the more common geometric shapes people use when working with flat land.

3. The problem purposed in using the images would be a difficult one for third graders, but could be used with the close-up views. I would begin with having the children look for a pattern, searching to find the increase of center pivot irrigation. I would relate this with the pictures of the irrigation machines, to get them to understand a little of what is being shown. The use of circles is one they could easily under stand, which may be seen when flying. I know the simplifying of the problem would work if we had the pre-knowledge of the circles as irrigation systems. I would begin with the KWL Chart, and begin to search for answers. Since we have these systems produced in Grand Island, it would be a place to start.

4. QUESTIONS : What do you know about the colors used in these pictures? How can we find out about the colors?
This could lead to a Science/Math experience in colors, using a prism with the light reflected through it. This would show them that there are a variety of colors in white light, and what the color spectrum is. This would be an idea transfered to the understanding of the inferred color used on the images.You then could set up a center with food colors , another with a flash light and prism, and then let them experiment with color.


5. Having a person who sells pivit systems come to class and bring booklets to look through, giving another way look at pivits. Learning the costs of not only the system for irrigating, but the cost of hooking up electricity and the pump, would be a math and economics lesson.. My experience tells me this is a huge start up cost each spring. I think it would also be a good idea to visit a real farm . I know of one south of Shelton,NE. , whose owners were our Ag Pen Pals for two years. Being in the field , running around an acre and seeing the center pivot up close, has been a good experience for my classes. They need concrete experiences, in order to move to the abstract.

6. To share their findings, I would have them work in pairs or groups of three, and they would write up answers to questions by pencil/paper as the first step.. Then second, on the word processor, the group would write their findings.After corrections, I could copy and paste the answers into a web page for the project.Last,they would use the computer lab, and read what they have posted on the site.

7 In xxxxxxx‘s post,I see the use of the "Know, Want to Know, Learned" process used in her answer for number three. This is a good example of using a constructivist learning model. This is a more familiar use for me at the third grade level. It is also a good starting form for introduction level activities for any grade.


 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 10-Feb-2001 09:34:00

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images  

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xxxxxxxx,
You are right the use of this image is more foreign to us. It does have some great ag applications however....I have seen CIR images of rangeland. These show the coverage or lack thereof of plants in the sandhills. Ranchers seem to get the concept of rotational grazing (a current trend in ranching to break out of the traditional grazing model by giving plants more growth time. IT is a hard concept for ranchers to utilize.) better when they can see a series of CIR images showing that plants grow more and stay healthier under the rotational system because there is consistent red all growing season. Traditional model grazing starts red turns brown and then sometimes even that pale green depending on how few plants are there. BUT you are right the images are definitely outside of our understanding and to use them we need to be taught.

I liked your extensions into interdisciplinary content with your thoughts and bring in the real farmer and pivot. It helps "plant" (excuse the pun) in the real world for the students. This is essential for students to take ownership of learning at any level of the education system. Good thoughts.
xxxxxxx 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 10-Feb-2001 14:25:00

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images  

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CIR's reflect colors differently than we are used to thinking with 'visible light'. If we think about the relection from wheat stubble in July, this would give us a feel for how a harvested crop 'reflects' the heat back.
It's probably a good idea to remind the youngsters that the red that they see from the flashlight and prism (flashlight and prism is a good idea) example is not the same red as the infrared used in the image.

"Being in the field , running around an acre and seeing the center pivot up close, has been a good experience for my classes."

"I would begin with having the children look for a pattern, searching to find the increase of center pivot irrigation. I would relate this with the pictures of the irrigation machines, to get them to understand a little of what is being shown. The use of circles is one they could easily under stand, which may be seen when flying."

I really like these two comments. So many of the youngsters have been in an airplane and have seen familiar things from a different perspective, it really helps develop the abstract thinking that you mentioned. 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 10-Feb-2001 18:47:00

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images  

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The importance of making the abstract have some grounding in reality, is important to children at this age.Relating it to experiences they have had or ones we have had as a group , gets them "hooked", so you can then proceed to the more difficult ideas you want them to learn about. This is using the "4Mat" lesson plan model, step one quadrant. 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 10-Feb-2001 23:02:00

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images  

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Your thoughts on a field trip to a farm were interesting. Living in the Omaha area I feel many students would benefit from such a field trip as many have not likely spent much time on a farm. They especially have likely not spent much time in the fields, viewing pivots, or even pipe irrigation systems. It would be very educational.
By the way, what is the company that manufactures pivots there in Grand Island? I grew up near Central City, even visited relatives there this weekend, but I don't recall a company manufacturing pivots. We have a manufacturer here in the Omaha area. That might also be an educational field trip.  


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 16-Feb-2001 18:42:00

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images  

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Very complete answers. With as difficult as it is for us to interpret until we learn enough imagine the frustration a man with colorblindness would experience trying to answer the questions this week. 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 10-Feb-2001 11:09:00    (Original: 10-Feb-2001 10:49:00)

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Week 2 Image 

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1. The red is an indication of irrigation. The brown indicates harvested fields.
2. The Arkansas river is located between the small yellow arrow markers. I find this to be true because water appears black in these images.
3. For implimentation in my classroom, I would use the center pivot image indicating the different crops planted and variable uses of the center pivot itself. Students in 1st grade are very visual. To gain their understanding, they would best benefit by studying the image with teacher facilitation helping them to identify the different crops as well as the varied usage of the center pivot itself.
4. Possible questions would include: Where are the fields with center pivots located? How do you know that's a center pivot? Where are different crops planted withing this center pivot? How do you know that indicates a different crop? What changes would need to be made in the amounts of water? What areas would require the most water? Would the time of season have any affect on center pivot usage? The farmer might want to use pesticides to control what? 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 11-Feb-2001 13:15:00

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 Image 

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You have some good questions that should work with your youngsters. It goes to show that this kind of information can be used at all levels depending on what you want to accomplish. If you used the type of quesitons your presented students at the first grade level could gain a pretty good picture and understanding of agriculture. This is something that all of us need to develop. We all nee to eat you know. Any thoughts....
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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 11-Feb-2001 14:53:00

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 Image 

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Yes, of course! :)
I've always wanted to develop a unit that would take the children from the farm fields to their tummies! I know these young learners would have a riot actually taking their bowl of cereal back to its "roots".
Being respectful consumers is also an important issue that needs to mesh with the farming industry.
Economics is not too difficult for this age either as I have already done a unit concentrating on that with my Kindergarten class. They proved to be saavy consumers! 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 16-Feb-2001 18:50:00

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 Image 

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Tummy to field....interesting webquest opportunity! 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 11-Feb-2001 09:19:00

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Week 2 Images 

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1. According to the key, the red circles represent irrigated crops. Since brown is made by combining colors, I think it shows irrigated land that has been harvested.
2. The Arkansas River runs west to east through the middle of the image. It looks like a river snaking through the picture and it is dark colored which represents water -- deep and shallow at different times.
6. As a language arts teacher on an interdisciplinary team, I would want to focus on how the students would present their findings. I would encourage them to write formal reports and letters to the paper and/or farming organizations. I would encourage them to create web pages that would show what they had learned and the solutions they proposed. I would also want them to informally share their findings with their classmates as they worked through the problem.
 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 11-Feb-2001 13:12:00

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 Images 

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I like the ideas about the writing of various groups but how about having the social studies, math and science teachers use the opportuinity to explore ecosystems, data analysis, the legal aspects of water rights.....This makes the project viable for so many other areas and encourages an indepth analysis of the situation. Thoughts......
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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 16-Feb-2001 18:54:00

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: Week 2 Images 

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I like the interdisciplinary approach. I wish more of it occured at the high school level. The schools within schools when schools reach 2,000 students like in the metro area would make this more of a possibility. Wish this concept used in the middle school level could "grow" upwards in the school systems. 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 13-Feb-2001 17:00:00

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: IOW 2 Responses 

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Week 2 - Image of the Week

1. The red circles are irrigated fields with actively growing vegetation. The brown circles are harvested fields.

2. The river is easy to spot - it snakes through the middle of the image from left to right. One thing I observed in comparing the image from 1972 and 1988 was how much smaller Lake McKinney appeared in the 1988 image.

4. Some questions would be: How much would installing and operating a pivot system cost? In dollars, how much would a pivot system increase crop production and how long would it take to pay off such a big investment? How would installing a pivot in a certain area impact use of the lands around that field?

6.Students would have to present their findings in an oral presentation outlining their findings and justifying their decision using graphs or charts.

7. Dee Stillís answers seemed well thought out to me and I liked how she came up with different options for students to present their findings. 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 13-Feb-2001 18:46:00    (Original: 13-Feb-2001 18:46:00)

Author: xxxxxxx

Subject: Re: IOW 2 Responses 

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Wow! I didn't think about looking at Lake McKinney - it would be interesting to find out why the lake is smaller. No rain? Would lowering the water table with irrigation cause that? Aren't there federal laws about draining wetlands for other purposes? (I doubt that happened in this case...)
Good thoughts - center pivots have always been high dollar items, haven't they? 


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Current Forum: Week 2 IOW Questions on Color Infrared Images

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Date: 16-Feb-2001 18:57:00

Author: xxxxxxxx

Subject: Re: IOW 2 Responses 

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I like your question about impact on the lands surrounding irrigated farms. Too often people do not look at how their decision impacts others. 


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